健康城市视角下应对突发公共事件的城市设计策略

 结合中国城市应对新冠肺炎疫情的成功经验及缺憾，以创造健康、宜居、韧性、生态的城市环境为目标，设计“区域-系统-节点”三类健康城市设计路径；提出“生态健康-生活健康-治愈健康-环境健康-设施健康-救治健康”六位一体应对突发公共事件的城市设计策略，并细化为健康城市在城市空间上的形象化设计表达。     

基于满意度的“智慧公厕”构建与管理研究以重庆主城区为例

2015年习总书记做出"公厕革命"的重要批示以来,"公厕革命"所取得的成就有目共睹.而随着物联网、信息技术的发展,"公厕革命"的意义内涵也有着深刻的变化.本研究以重庆市主城区公厕为例,通过问卷调查法提取了8个影响公厕满意度的主要因素.采用解释结构了模型方法构建影响公厕满意度的结构模型.根据结构模型对各因素进行了解释和分析,得出了各因素之间的联系.以提高满意度为目的,从保洁质量、环境质量、维修响应速度、设施维修质量、公共物资充足5个方面构建了"智慧公厕",运用"互联网+"思维赋予公厕智慧元素,从而让公厕更具魅力,更从容地融入到现代化服务当中来.     

利用SS前驱波研究纳斯卡–南美俯冲带周边上地幔间断面起伏及其动力学意义

利用USArray的远震记录资料, 对1万多条地震记录的SS前驱波进行共反射点叠加分析(叠加范围是半径为5°的球冠), 得到纳斯卡板块南部及南美板块西部(120°W—60°W, 30°S—5°N)上地幔间断面的起伏形态。由于数据很好地覆盖了研究区域, 叠加范围更小, 因此比以往的结果具有更高的空间分辨率。在Galapagos, Easter和 San Felix这3个热点下方观测到的间断面起伏形态符合地幔深部存在高温异常的假设。还观测到: 在东太平洋洋隆南段下方, 410 km间断面深度增加; 在俯冲带下方, 410 km和 660 km间断面深度增加。     

The landing zone – Ground for model transfer in chemistry

This essay proposes a new notion - the landing zone - in order to identify conceptual features that allow modelers to transfer mathematical tools across disciplinary borders. This discussion refers to the transferable models as ‘templates’. Templates are functions, equations, or computational methods that are capable of being generalized from a particular subject matter. There are formal and conceptual prerequisites for the transfer of a template to a new domain. A landing zone is an ontology that contributes to the satisfaction of these conditions for successful transfer. This paper presents a case study on a model in chemistry - the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) - that makes use of transferred templates from physics - the virial theorem and the wave function. The landing zone in this case is a new ontological notion, that of the topological atom, which prepares ground for the use of the virial theorem and the wave function in chemistry. The virial theorem requires that there exists in-principle stability to the system that it represents, and the wave function requires transformation in its representation that is justified. The ontology of QTAIM - the landing zone for these templates - grounds the scientific use of these templates in the context of chemistry.     

Neural network structure identification in inflation forecasting

Neural networks (NNs) are appropriate to use in time series analysis under conditions of unfulfilled assumptions, i.e., non‐normality and nonlinearity. The aim of this paper is to propose means of addressing identified shortcomings with the objective of identifying the NN structure for inflation forecasting. The research is based on a theoretical model that includes the characteristics of demand‐pull and cost‐push inflation; i.e., it uses the labor market, financial and external factors, and lagged inflation variables. It is conducted at the aggregate level of euro area countries from January 1999 to January 2017. Based on the estimated 90 feedforward NNs (FNNs) and 450 Jordan NNs (JNNs), which differ in variable parameters (number of iterations, learning rate, initial weight value intervals, number of hidden neurons, and weight value of the context unit), the mean square error (MSE), and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) are calculated for two periods: in‐the‐sample and out‐of‐sample. Ranking NNs simultaneously on both periods according to either MSE or AIC does not lead to the selection of the ‘best’ NN because the optimal NN in‐the‐sample, based on MSE and/or AIC criteria, often has high out‐of‐sample values of both indicators. To achieve the best compromise solution, i.e., to select an optimal NN, the preference ranking organization method for enrichment of evaluations (PROMETHEE) is used. Comparing the optimal FNN and JNN, i.e., FNN(4,5,1) and JNN(4,3,1), it is concluded that under approximately equal conditions, fewer hidden layer neurons are required in JNN than in FNN, confirming that JNN is parsimonious compared to FNN. Moreover, JNN has a better forecasting performance than FNN.     

资源型城市转型绩效评价指标体系构建

资源型城市转型是一项长期而又极为复杂的系统工程,是对经济、社会以及生态环境多方面的改革提升.鉴于目前资源型城市发展中不平衡、不协调问题的日益凸显,这项工程面临着严峻的挑战和紧迫性.因此,开展资源型城市转型问题的研究对于保障国家能源资源安全、推动新型城镇化和工业化进程、统筹推进"五位一体"总体布局、积极落实新发展理念有着十分重要的理论和实践意义.从经济转型、社会转型、创新能力、生态环境4个维度构建了资源型城市转型绩效评价指标体系,以期为资源型城市转型绩效评价提供一定的科学依据.     

从智慧城市到智慧区域——新的城市与区域发展模式

 信息技术的快速发展不仅推动了中微观层面上智慧城市的发展建设，在宏观概念上更是未来区域协调高效合作的核心驱动力。中国的智慧城市建设已经体现出由点到面、连片发展的态势，智慧区域建设是必然趋势。对国外智慧区域分析表明智慧区域建设的经验是：重视信息通信技术、注重创新、高效合作、人才培养等。建议国内智慧区域建设重视区域的范围多维化、合作效率高效化、教育与创新积极化、市民参与的多元化等。     

页岩有机质纳米力学性质研究进展

 页岩有机质纳米尺度下的力学行为目前不够明确且利用常规实验仪器无法准确获得，表征其纳米尺度下的力学性质，对于搭建微观-宏观岩石力学模型和实现高效水力压裂是极具现实意义的。基于近年国内外关于页岩有机质纳米力学性质表征等方面所取得的研究进展，总结了目前常用的表征技术、力学性质主要特征及主控因素。综合结果表明，纳米压痕和原子力显微镜是目前表征纳米力学性质常用的技术与方法，两者在精度、分辨率、设备技术等方面都存在各自的优势或缺陷；目前有机质纳米力学性质的测定主要集中在弹性模量和硬度，成熟度和温度在不同程度上改变着有机质的内部结构，从而改变其力学性质；提出了“多尺度”“多技术”“多角度”“多学科”等工作设想与建议。     

基于低碳理念的鄂州市城市土地集约利用评价

结合国内外低碳土地利用的研究背景和实践,分析出不同土地利用方式碳排放效应,并对城市土地低碳化与集约化利用进行定性与定量分析,并采用鄂州市实际构建低碳理念下城市土地集约利用评价指标体系,对鄂州市2000-2013年土地利用状况进行分析评价.由此,总结鄂州市再加入低碳因素后土地集约利用的变化规律,并提出相关建议.     

武汉市城乡建设用地增减挂钩实施缘由及效果分析

本文通过对武汉市当前的土地利用状况进行分析,着重探讨了武汉市城市建设用地无序扩张的原因和方式,进而引出城乡建设用地增减挂钩这一政策,总结武汉市实施这一政策以来所产生的积极作用和这一政策的经验总结.探讨城乡建设用地增减挂钩政策实施以来对武汉市城乡建设用地合理利用的作用以及对促进土地集约利用和改变农村面貌的重要积极作用.文章综合运用了相关分析法和图表数据,得出的结论是武汉市城乡建设用地增减挂钩政策的实施不仅有效的解决了城市建设用地紧张的问题,而且还对于促进城乡建设用地节约集约利用、促进农村土地规模利用、改善农村的生产生活状况、促进新农村的建设都产生了积极的作用.